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Pope Celestine II
Pope Celestine II ((ラテン語:Caelestinus II); died 8 March 1144), born Guido di Castello,〔Thomas, pg. 91〕 was Pope from 26 September 1143〔http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1127.htm#Castello〕 to his death in 1144. He is the first pope mentioned in the prophecy of Saint Malachy.
==Early life==
Guido di Castello, possibly the son of a local noble, Niccolo di Castello,〔Mann, pg. 105〕 was born either in Città di Castello, situated in Paterna Santa Felicità upon the Apennines, or at Macerata in the March of Ancona.〔Mann, pg. 105〕〔According to Mann (pg. 104), there is a local tradition that Celestine II, when he became pope, presented the cathedral in Città di Castello with a sculptured silver altar-front.〕
Guido had studied under Pierre Abélard, and eventually became a distinguished master in the schools.〔Mann, pg. 105〕 Eventually Guido began his career in Rome as a subdeacon and a ''scriptor apostolicus'' under Pope Callixtus II.〔Mann, pg. 105〕 He was created Cardinal-Deacon of Santa Maria in Via Lata by Pope Honorius II in 1127;〔Mann, pg. 106〕 as such, he signed the papal bulls issued between 3 April 1130 and 21 December 1133.〔J.M.Brixius, ''Die Mitglieder des Kardinalkollegiums von 1130–1181'', Berlin, 1912, p. 35 no. 19〕 In the double papal election of 1130 he joined the obedience of Pope Innocent II. In December 1133 Innocent promoted him to the rank of Cardinal-Priest of San Marco.〔Mann, pg. 106〕 He signed the papal bulls as ''S.R.E. indignus sacerdos'' between 11 January 1134 and 16 May 1143.〔J.M.Brixius, ''Die Mitglieder des Kardinalkollegiums von 1130–1181'', Berlin, 1912, p. 35 no. 19 and p. 43 no. 23, indicates that Guido del Castello and ''Guido S.R.E. indignus sacerdos'' were two different persons; but see L. Spätling, ''Kardinal Guido und seine Legation in Böhmen-Mähren (1142–1146)'' in: ''Mitteilungen des Instituts für österreichische Geschichtsforschung'', Wagner'sche Universitäts-buchhandlung, 1958, p. 310〕 As the cardinal of San Marco’s, he supported Innocent’s claims with regards to Monte Cassino, and as a mark of his confidence in him, Innocent made Guido the rector of Benevento. Afterwards, he made him a papal legate to France in 1140.〔Thomas, pg. 91〕
He participated in the papal election of 1143, the first undisturbed papal election that Rome had seen for eighty-two years,〔Mann, pg. 103〕 and was elected pope two days after the death of Innocent II,〔Mann, pg. 102〕 on 25 September 1143,〔Thomas, pg. 91〕 taking the name of Celestine.〔Mann, pg. 103〕
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